Nose Ornament with Human Head and Condors Attacking Humans

c. 100–300 CE

Peru, North Coast, Moche culture (50–800 CE), early Intermediate Period

Medium

gold alloy

Measurements

Overall: 9.5 x 16.5 x 1.6 cm (3 3/4 x 6 1/2 x 5/8 in.)
Weight: 22.55 g (0.8 oz.)

Credit Line

Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund 2005.175

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Location

232 Andean

Description

A crucial element of Moche royal regalia was the nose ornament, whose imagery varies from benign to predatory. One ornament here depicts a human head, perhaps a ruler’s portrait, flanked by birds that attack human victims. In another, two supernatural decapitators brandish knives over a row of severed human heads. The third is an elegant composition that combines serpents with long-necked water birds. The Moche were among the Andes’ most inventive metalsmiths, and they developed many complex techniques for joining and enriching the surfaces of metals, which they usually worked by hammering rather than casting. The gold-and-silver ornaments were made by first joining gold and silver sheets through heating and hammering. Then came the relief decoration, followed by the selective removal of metal along the joins. Finally, the ornament was trimmed and polished.