Saint John the Baptist in a Landscape

c. 1445

attributed to Petrus Christus

(Netherlandish, c. 1410–1475/76)

Culture

Flanders, Bruges

Medium

oil on panel

Measurements

Unframed: 40.2 x 12.5 cm (15 13/16 x 4 15/16 in.); Painted surface: 39.6 x 11.5 cm (15 9/16 x 4 1/2 in.)

Credit Line

Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund 1979.80

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Location

112 Northern Renaissance

Did You Know?

In the background is the Blacksmith's Gate, originally built in 1297, which still stands in the city Bruges, although it has been rebuilt multiple times over the centuries.

Description

The overall style of this painting suggests that it was painted by an artist closely associated with the Netherlandish painter Jan van Eyck. The facial structure of the saint as well as the artist’s treatment of his cloak are typical of van Eyck’s follower, Petrus Christus. Christus was active in the city of Bruges and was a probable pupil and successor to Jan van Eyck, with whom his paintings have often been confused. Here, Christus depicts John the Baptist as an isolated, monumental figure without his typical hairshirt or other references to his life. This approach is derived from Claus Sluter’s monumental image of Saint John from the portal at Champmol and from manuscript illuminators working for Philip the Bold and his brother Jean de Berry. Here, John holds the Lamb of God, a symbol of Christ’s sacrifice and a reference to John’s proclamation of Christ’s redemption of humankind. Upon his death, Christus was succeeded by Hans Memling as the next great painter in Bruges.