Why Born Enslaved!

1867

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux

(French, 1827–1875)

Culture

France

Medium

Plaster, original polychromed surface

Measurements

67 cm (26 3/8 in.)

Credit Line

Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Fund 2022.2

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Location

219 19th Century European

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Did You Know?

Although officially abolished in France since 1848, slavery remained a hotly contested issue in Carpeaux’s time as it remained legal or tolerated in various countries around the world.

Description

One of the most powerful expressions of abolitionist sentiment in the visual arts, Why Born Enslaved! depicts an African woman bound by ropes and looking defiantly upward. The ropes press painfully into her breasts; her torn blouse alludes to the violence responsible for her condition. The original, polychromed surface is covered with complex, nuanced hatchings and subtle modeling. Evidence indicates that this masterpiece of 19th-century French sculpture served as the master model for numerous casts in other museum collections.